BACKGROUND: The German army developed a wide variety of assorted sized ordnance ranging from the 7.65mm caliber pistol rounds to the 88mm caliber anti-aircraft/anti-tank rounds to the enormous 80cm caliber railway artillery rounds. The development and production of German army ordnance was under the supervision of the HwaA, Heereswaffenamt, (Army Ordnance Office), which was a subsection of the OKH, Oberkommando des Heeres, (High Command of the Army), and was responsible for testing, evaluation and eventual issue of all ordnance. The assorted sized field artillery pieces and mortars were designed with specific tactical goals in mind depending on the caliber, range and mobility of the particular weapon. Along with the weapons came a variety of assorted observation, firing and ranging aids and equipment to assist the crews in firing accuracy. In 1931 the German army developed the optical M31 Artillery Aiming Circle which could be utilized in conjunction with a wide variety of weapons and was designed to assist in determining horizontal and vertical lineage and range observation.

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Nice complete example. Seems to function well. Green paint looks to be over painted. Comes with its original double compartment leather case. Nice.